A rare astronomical event is on the horizon as Comet C/2024 G3 (Atlas) is expected to grace the skies for the first time in 160,000 years, with potential visibility from various parts of the world in the coming days.
According to NASA, predicting the brightness of comets is notoriously difficult, but experts are hopeful that Atlas may shine brightly enough to be seen with the naked eye.
The comet reached its perihelion—the point in its orbit closest to the Sun—on Monday.
This position greatly influences its brightness and visibility. While exact locations for observing the comet remain uncertain, astronomers suggest that the best viewing conditions may be in the southern hemisphere.
Dr. Shyam Balaji, a researcher in astroparticle physics and cosmology at King’s College London, stated that current orbital calculations indicate the comet will pass approximately 8.3 million miles from the Sun, classifying it as a "sun-skirting" comet. The university described the event as a once-in-160,000-years occurrence.
"Opportunities to spot the comet may arise in the days around perihelion, depending on local conditions and the comet’s behaviour," Dr. Balaji said. He further advised residents of the southern hemisphere to look toward the eastern horizon before sunrise and the western horizon after sunset.
For the northern hemisphere, including Pakistan, viewing may be more challenging due to the comet’s proximity to the Sun. However, enthusiasts are encouraged to seek out locations with minimal light pollution and use binoculars or small telescopes to enhance visibility.
Astronomers have already begun tracking Atlas’ path, with NASA astronaut Don Pettit sharing a photograph of the comet from the International Space Station over the weekend. "It is totally amazing to see a comet from orbit. Atlas C/2024-G3 is paying us a visit," he wrote on social media.
The comet, discovered last year by NASA’s Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS), has captured global interest. While it is expected to shine as brightly as Venus under optimal conditions, experts caution that comet brightness can be unpredictable, with some fading despite initial forecasts.
Clear skies and patience will be key for those hoping to witness this celestial phenomenon.
Observers are advised to track the comet’s position, avoid sunrise and sunset for safety, and check weather conditions for the best chance of catching a glimpse of this historic event.
